初中英语短语归纳

易错点一] 名词

1. 这些女老师们在干什么?

[误] What are the woman teachers doing?

[正] What are the women teachers doing?

[解析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词(单或复数形式)时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式;但当man, woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men, women。

2. 房间里有多少人?

[误] How many peoples are there in the room?

[正] How many people are there in the room?

[解析] people的意思是“人们”。

3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。

[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son.

[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.

[解析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词+表量的可数名词+ of + 不可数名词”这一结构，其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。

[易错点二] 动词

1. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学?

[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school?

[正] What time does your sister usually go to school?

[解析] 借助助动词do(或does)构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。

2. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。

[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening, but this evening she watching TV.

[正] Linda often does her homework in the evening, but this evening she is watching TV.

[解析] 一般现在时的谓语动词用原形或三单形式，Linda是第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用does；现在进行时的谓语动词结构为：am/is/are doing，故应为she is watching TV。

3. 这双鞋是红色的。

[误] This pair of shoes are red.

[正] This pair of shoes is red.

[解析] 在shoes, trousers, gloves, glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair(表计量)修饰时，谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。

[易错点三] 代词

1. 这张票是她的，不是我的。

[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.

[正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine.

[解析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词，而名词性物主代词之后不能接名词。

2. 吴老师教我们英语。

[误] Miss Wu teaches our English.

[正] Miss Wu teaches us English.

[解析] teach sb. sth..中的sb.作teach的宾语，因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。

[易错点四] 介词

1. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗?

[误] Can you find the answer of this question?

[正] Can you find the answer to this question?

[解析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door, the way to the zoo等。

2. 格林先生星期六晚上来这里。

[误] Mr. Green will come here in Sunday evening.

[正] Mr. Green will come here on Sunday evening.

[解析] 表示在上午、下午等时，介词要用in;而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时，介词要用on。

3. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。

[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

[正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.

[解析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时，只能用in，其他介词没有此用法。

[易错点五] 副词

莉莉，你为什么不回家呢?

[误] Lily, why don’t you go to home?

[正] Lily, why don’t you go home?

[解析] home在这里是副词，动词后直接加副词。

[易错点六] 连词

我喜欢语文和英语，但我不喜欢体育和历史。

[误] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. and history.

[正] I like Chinese and English, but I don’t like P.E. or history.

[解析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接；而在否定句中，并列成分之间的连接需用or。